Impact Indication and Data Tracking Devices and Methods

ABSTRACT

Devices and methods are generally provided for indicating the location of a most recent strike on a face of a golf club. One exemplary embodiment of an impact indication device can include a patch that can be attached to the face of a golf club and can display the impact location of a most recent strike without displaying impact locations of previous strikes. The impact locations of previous strikes can be removed from the patch without the user having to do anything more than take another swing. In some embodiments, the device includes a yield-stress material that assist in displaying impact a most recent impact location without displaying previous impact locations. Other features that can allow patches to work in this fashion, as well as methods related to the same, are also provided. Further, disclosures pertaining to a mobile impact recorder are also provided.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present disclosure claims priority to both U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 61/798,144, entitled “Impact Indication Devices andMethods,” and U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/798,320, entitled“Mobile Tracking Devices and Methods,” both of which were filed on Mar.15, 2013, and both of which are incorporated by reference herein intheir entireties.

FIELD

The present disclosure generally relates to devices and methods forindicating the location of a golf ball strike on a face of a golf clubhead.

BACKGROUND

The game of golf is played by over 26 million people in the UnitedStates, and is expected to continue to grow in popularity through atleast 2020. Internationally, the popularity of golf is even more rapidlyon the rise, including in Europe (e.g., France, Germany, and Russia),Japan, China, Korea, Vietnam, Mexico, and in many South Americancountries. In fact, in 2016, golf will be part of the Olympics for onlythe third time in the Games' history, and the first time since 1904.

Anybody who has ever played golf or seen golf being played understandsits very challenging nature. Duffers, amateurs, and professionals alikeare all typically interested in finding ways to improve at the game, forinstance by maximizing distance while maintaining accuracy. Golfers ofall ability levels invest hundreds-of-thousands of dollars a yearpracticing and playing the game in an effort to improve. Likewise,golfers of all ability levels invest hundreds-of-thousands of dollars onlessons and various tools to help improve their games, including impacttape, club weights, hitting mats, hitting cages, swing speed radardevices, swing plane trainers, wrist braces, arm braces, stancecorrectors, folding clubs, buckets of balls at the driving range, andlessons from golf professionals.

One sure-fire way to be a better golfer is to hit the ball with thecorrect portion of the golf club head more consistently. Most golf clubheads are designed such that balls struck by a certain portion of thehead—typically near a center on a face of the head—will travel fartherand straighter than balls struck by other portions of the head. Thiscertain portion of the head is sometimes referred to as a club head's“sweet spot.” However, during the course of a swing, and directlythereafter, it is difficult for a golfer to know exactly which part ofthe face made contact with the ball, and thus whether the golfer hit anypart of the sweet spot.

Although both sophisticated and simplistic tools exist for informing agolfer as to the portion of the club face on which the ball hit, theyare deficient for a variety of reasons. Stage simulators represent oneexample of a sophisticated tool that allows a golfer to know thelocation of a ball strike. They require scheduled time, however, can becostly, and may require more than one visit. Additionally, depending onthe technology, simulators may require wiring an individual or the useof videos and sensors surrounding the player to record the desired dataparameters—variables that may be intimidating, detrimental, and/or costprohibitive for many golfers of many skill levels.

More simplistic tools also suffer from a variety of deficiencies. Forexample, some devices mark each ball strike on the device, and thus asthe number of strikes increase, it can be difficult to tell which strikewas the most recent. Such devices have a very limited number of uses.While some devices exist that allow a location of a ball strike to beremoved from the device prior to performing another ball strike, suchdevices typically require the user to manually “reset” or clear thedevice of the previous ball strike, for instance by wiping it off withhis or her finger before performing another ball strike. In still otherembodiments, the devices can require a user to mark a location of theball strike with a writing utensil, such as a pen, after each swing.Still further, existing technologies designed to properly measure agolfer's swing are limited to obtrusive simulators, time consuminglessons, or expensive hardware with complicated software.

Accordingly, it is desirable to provide devices and methods that allow agolfer to know a location of a ball strike after each swing, and whichcan record more ball strikes using a single device than existingdevices. It is also desirable to provide devices and methods that allowa user to perform multiple strikes in a row and see the ball strikes foreach swing without having that view impeded by previous ball strikes orhaving to perform extra steps such as wiping or marking the club facemanually before performing the next ball strike. Still further, it isdesirable to provide devices and methods that provide convenient,real-time feedback to the golfer so that the golfer can make adjustmentsto his or her swing in real-time.

SUMMARY

Devices and methods are generally provided for indicating the locationof a most recent strike on a face of a golf club, or more particularly apatch attached thereto. In one exemplary embodiment of an impactindication device, the device can include a patch having a back surfacethat is removably and replaceably attachable to a face of a golf cluband a ball-striking surface configured to visually display an impactlocation where the patch most recently struck a golf ball. The patch candisplay the impact location of a most recent strike without displayingimpact locations of previous strikes. Further, the patch can beconfigured to reset itself to no longer display the impact locations ofprevious strikes after the most recent strike occurs such that no actionbeyond swinging the golf club again is required by a user betweenstrikes. In some embodiments, the next golf swing that makes contactwith a ball can reset the device so that the previous ball strike is nolonger visible. Further, in some embodiments, the patch can include asensor disposed therein, which can be configured to measure data relatedto golf ball strikes made by the patch.

A variety of mechanism can be relied upon to display the impact locationand remove old impact locations. In some embodiments the patch caninclude a yield-stress material disposed therein between ball-strikingand back surfaces. The yield-stress material can be configured to bedisplaced in response to the most recent strike, and in turn can allowthe impact location of the most recent strike to be known based on thelocation from which the material was displaced. Further, thedisplacement of the yield-stress material following a strike can displayone or more indicia located on a top face of the back surface, which canprovide feedback regarding the impact location from the most recentstrike. In some embodiments the patch can be configured to reset itselfby striking a golf ball. A reset patch is one in which old ball strikesare no longer visible on a face of the patch, or if they are visible,their presence is negligible with respect to the rest of the patch and amost recent ball strike if it exists.

Another example of mechanisms that can be relied upon to display theimpact location and remove old impact locations are liquid crystalfilms. Liquid crystal films can be disposed between the ball-strikingand back surfaces of the patch, and can be configured to change colorsin response to the most recent strike to display the impact location ofthe most recent strike while no longer displaying the impact locationsof the previous strikes.

In another exemplary embodiment of an impact indication device, thedevice includes a base layer and an exposure layer. The base layer canhave one or more information-providing indicia on a display surface ofthe base layer. The exposure layer can be disposed over the displaysurface of the base layer. Further, the exposure layer can include asealed chamber with a yield-stress material disposed therein. Theexposure layer can be configured such that impact from an outside forceat an impact location can displace the yield-stress material at theimpact location to reveal the base layer. In some embodiments, a secondimpact from an outside force at a second impact location can againdisplace the yield-stress material, this time at the second impactlocation, to reveal the base layer. To the extent that the second impactlocation does not overlap with the first impact location, theyield-stress material can flow back to non-overlapping portions of thefirst impact location in the exposure layer.

Optionally, a cover layer can be disposed over the exposure layer, andcan be substantially inelastic. Alternatively, the cover layer can haveelastic properties allowing it to receive portions of yield-stressmaterial displaced by an impact. Similar to the elastic reservoir, theelasticity of the cover layer in such embodiments can be configured suchthat the cover layer's elasticity can push the yield-stress materialback into the exposure layer at a time after the impact occurs.

The yield-stress material can include a hydrogel. Further, a backsurface of the base layer can comprise an adhesive, for instance toassist in attaching the device to a surface, such as a face of a golfclub. The adhesive can be reusable such that the base layer can beadhered to and removed from a first surface and subsequently adhered toa second surface. In some embodiments, a sensor can be attached toeither the base layer or the exposure layer, and can be configured tomeasure data related to impacts received by the device.

A volume of the yield-stress material disposed in the chamber of theexposure layer can be less than an approximate volume of the chamber. Insuch instances, the chamber can be vacuum-sealed. In some embodimentssafety measures can be included to reduce the risk of damage resultingfrom failure of the device. One such example can include an innermembrane disposed in either the base layer or the exposure layer. Theinner membrane can have a fluid disposed therein and can be configuredto release the fluid into the respective base layer or exposure layer inwhich the inner membrane is disposed before the chamber of the exposurelayer fails and releases the yield-stress material disposed in thechamber. The device, and more particularly the base layer, can be sizedand attached to a face of a golf club.

In one exemplary method of tracking a location of impact on a golf club,the method can include swinging a golf club to hit golf balls twice.More particularly, the club can have a club head, and the head caninclude an indication tracking device attached to it. The indicationtracking device can visually identify a location at which the club headstrikes the golf ball during the first swing. Further, the indicationtracking device can also visually identify a location at which the clubhead strikes the golf ball during a second swing, while also no longervisually identifying the location of the previous strike. During thecourse of carrying out the method, a user touches neither the club headnor the indication tracking device to reset the indication trackingdevice so that it visually identifies the location of a most recentstrike while no longer visually identifying the location of the previousstrike. In some embodiments, after the indication tracking devicevisually identifies a location at which the club head strikes the golfball, it can be the step of swinging the golf club to hit a golf ballthat can reset the indication tracking device so that it identifies thelocation of the most recent strike while no longer visually identifyingthe location of the previous strike.

Further, systems and methods are generally provided for recording andstoring data and other information related to a golf swing. In oneexemplary embodiment, a computer-implemented method for logging datarelated to a golf swing on a mobile device having a computer processorcoupled to a receiver, a display, and memory can include receiving bythe receiver one or more golf swing data parameters, storing the golfswing data in the memory, processing the one or more data parameters bythe computer processor to calculate one or more displayable indications,and displaying the one or more displayable indications on the display.The one or more golf swing data parameters can be received from a sensorattached to a head of a golf club used to execute a golf swing.

In some embodiments, the one or more displayable indications can includea visual representation of the location of a ball strike on the head ofthe golf club. The location of the ball strike can also be visiblydisplayed on an impact indication device attached to the head of thegolf club. The indication device can be configured to reset itself so alocation of a most recent ball strike is displayed on the indicationdevice and locations of previous ball strikes are not displayed on theindication device. For example, the indication device can include ayield-stress material configured to be displaced in response to the mostrecent ball strike to display the location of the ball strike and to nolonger display the locations of previous ball strikes.

The one or more data parameters can include at least one of a swingplane of the golf club during the golf swing, a location of a ballstrike on the head of the golf club, and a speed of the head of the golfclub during the golf swing. In some embodiments, processing the one ormore data parameters can include simulating a game of golf. In someother embodiments, processing the one or more data parameters caninclude providing instructional analysis about the golf swing. In stillother embodiments, processing the one or more data parameters caninclude estimating a distance a golf ball would travel in response tothe golf swing based on the one or more data parameters.

The method can also include wirelessly transmitting the one or more dataparameters to a remote data storage location for access to the one ormore data parameters by a computer. The data received by the receivercan be first transmitted to a transmitter in communication with thesensor, and the transmitter can send the one or more data parameters tothe receiver. In some embodiments, the remote data storage location is acloud-based storage system.

In some embodiments, the method can further include receiving by thereceiver one or more additional data parameters, processing the one ormore additional data parameters by the computer processor to calculateone or more additional displayable indications, and displaying the oneor more additional displayable indications on the display. The one ormore additional data parameters can be received from an accelerometerdisposed on a glove being worn by a user swinging the golf club. The oneor more additional displayable indications can include an amount ofvibration resulting from the ball strike on the head of the golf club.The one or more additional data parameters can be wirelessly transmittedto a remote data storage location for access to the one or moreadditional data parameters by a computer.

One exemplary computer implemented method for logging data related to agolf swing can include recording one or more golf swing data parametersto a memory component and performing at least one of the following twonumbered courses of action: (1)(a) processing the one or more dataparameters; and (b) displaying information related to the one or moredata parameters on a display device; and (2) transmitting the one ormore data parameters to a remote data storage location for subsequentaccess of the one or more data parameters by a computer. The one or moregolf swing data parameters can be received from a sensor attached to ahead of a golf club used to execute a golf swing.

In some embodiments, the data received from the sensor can be firsttransmitted to a transmitter in communication with the sensor, and thetransmitter can send the one or more data parameters to the memorycomponent. The one or more golf swing data parameters can include atleast one of a swing plane of the golf club during the golf swing, alocation of impact on the head of the golf club by a golf ball, andspeed of the club head during the golf swing. In instances in which agolf swing data parameter includes the location of impact on the head ofthe golf club by a golf ball, the location of the impact can be bothrecorded to the memory component and visibly displayed on an impactindication device attached to the head of the golf club. The impactindication device can be configured to reset itself so a location of amost recent impact is displayed on the indication device and locationsof previous impacts can not be displayed on the indication device. Forexample, the indication device can include a yield-stress materialconfigured to be displaced in response to the most recent image todisplay the location of the impact and to no longer display thelocations of previous impacts.

In some embodiments, the method for logging data related to a golf swingcan further include processing the one or more golf swing dataparameters to simulate a golf game. In some other embodiments,processing the one or more golf swing data parameters to provideinstructional analysis about the golf swing. In still other embodiments,the one or more golf swing data parameters can include estimating adistance a golf ball would travel in response to the golf swing based onthe one or more data parameters.

The one or more golf swing data parameters received from the sensor canbe transmitted wirelessly. Further, transmitting the one or more golfswing data parameters to a remote data storage location can includetransmitting the data parameters wirelessly to a cloud-based storagesystem.

The computer implemented method for logging data related to a golf swingcan further include recording one or more additional data parameters toa memory component and performing at least one of the following twonumbered courses of action: (1)(a) processing the one or more additionaldata parameters; and (b) displaying information related to the one ormore additional data parameters on the display device; and (2)transmitting the one or more data parameters to a remote data storagelocation for subsequent access of the one or more additional dataparameters by a computer. The one or more additional data parameters caninclude an amount of vibration resulting from impact of the head of thegolf club with a golf ball.

One exemplary embodiment of a system for tracking golf-related data caninclude an electronic sensor, a receiver, a memory component, and atleast one of a processor and a transmitter. The electronic sensor can beconfigured to be attached to a face of a golf club. The receiver can beconfigured to receive data from the electronic sensor, the data beingrelated to a golf swing. The memory component can be configured torecord data received by the receiver. The processor can be forprocessing data and displaying information related to the data on adisplay device, and the transmitter can be for transmitting the data toa remote storage location for subsequent access of the data by acomputer.

In some embodiments, the receiver and the memory component can beseparately located, with the receiver being configured to transmit datato the memory component wirelessly. The system can also include animpact indication device configured to be attached to the face of thegolf club and visually display a location of a strike of a golf ball bythe face of the golf club. In some embodiments, the electronic sensorcan be a component of the impact indication device. The impactindication device can be configured to reset itself so a location of amost recent strike can be displayed on the indication device andlocations of previous strikes are not displayed on the indicationdevice. For example, the indication device can include a yield-stressmaterial configured to be displaced in response to the most recentstrike to display the location of the strike and to no longer displaythe locations of previous strikes.

Transmitting the data to a remote storage location can includetransmitting the data wirelessly to a cloud-based storage system. Insome embodiments, the system can further include an accelerometerconfigured to be attached to a glove being worn by a user swinging thegolf club, and configured to send data measured by the accelerometer tothe receiver.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

This invention will be more fully understood from the following detaileddescription taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, inwhich:

FIG. 1A is a perspective view of one exemplary embodiment of an impactindication device attached to a face of a golf club head;

FIG. 1B is an exploded view of the impact indication device of FIG. 1A;

FIG. 1C is a perspective view of the impact indication device of FIG. 1Ahaving a ball strike mark displayed thereon;

FIG. 1D is a top perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of animpact indication device having a ball strike mark displayed thereon;

FIG. 1E is an exploded view of the impact indication device of FIG. 1Dwithout the ball strike mark displayed thereon;

FIG. 1F is a perspective view of the impact indication device of FIG. 1Dattached to a golf club;

FIG. 2A is a top view of a base layer of the impact indication device ofFIG. 1A;

FIG. 2B is a top view of another embodiment of a base layer for use inan impact indication device;

FIG. 3 is top view of an exposure layer of the impact indication deviceof FIG. 1A;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a cover layer of the impact indication device ofFIG. 1A;

FIG. 5A is a top view of the exposure layer of FIG. 4 disposed over thebase layer of FIG. 2A, illustrating a ball strike indication;

FIG. 5B is a top view of the exposure layer of FIG. 4 disposed over thebase layer of FIG. 2A, illustrating another ball strike indication;

FIG. 6A is a schematic cross-section view of the impact indicationdevice of FIG. 2A prior to a first ball strike;

FIG. 6B is a schematic cross-section view of the impact indicationdevice of FIG. 6A during a first ball strike;

FIG. 6C is a schematic cross-section view of the impact indicationdevice of FIG. 6B after the first ball strike;

FIG. 6D is a schematic cross-section view of the impact indicationdevice of FIG. 6C during a second ball strike;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-section view of another exemplary embodimentof an impact indication device attached to a face of a golf club;

FIG. 8A is a schematic cross-section view of the impact indicationdevice of FIG. 7 during a first ball strike;

FIG. 8B is a schematic, detailed, cross-section view of a portion of theimpact indication device of FIG. 8A during the first ball strike;

FIG. 8C is a schematic, detailed cross-section view of the portion ofthe impact indication device of FIG. 8B during a second ball strike;

FIG. 9A is a schematic perspective view of one exemplary embodiment ofan electronic sensor for use in an impact indication device;

FIG. 9B a schematic top view of the electronic sensor of FIG. 9A;

FIGS. 10A-10J are sequential views of one exemplary embodiment of amethod for manufacturing the impact indication device of FIG. 1A;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of another exemplary embodiment of a methodfor manufacturing an impact indication device;

FIG. 12A is a schematic cross-section view of another exemplaryembodiment of an impact indication device prior to a ball strike;

FIG. 12B is a schematic cross-section view of the impact indicationdevice of FIG. 12A during a ball strike;

FIG. 13A is a schematic cross-section view of still another exemplaryembodiment of an impact indication device during a ball strike;

FIG. 13B is a schematic cross-section view of the impact indicationdevice of FIG. 13A after the ball strike;

FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-section view of yet another exemplaryembodiment of an impact indication device;

FIG. 15 is a top view of a golf glove having an accelerometer associatedtherewith;

FIG. 16 is a schematic illustration of a computer system; and

FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of an impact indicator device beingincorporated with a mobile impact recorder.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Certain exemplary embodiments will now be described to provide anoverall understanding of the principles of the structure, function,manufacture, and use of the devices and methods disclosed herein. One ormore examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings. Those skilled in the art will understand that the devices andmethods specifically described herein and illustrated in theaccompanying drawings are non-limiting exemplary embodiments and thatthe scope of the present invention is defined solely by the claims. Thefeatures illustrated or described in connection with one exemplaryembodiment may be combined with the features of other embodiments. Suchmodifications and variations are intended to be included within thescope of the present invention. Further, in the present disclosure,like-numbered components of the embodiments generally have similarfeatures, unless specific properties of such like-numbered componentsare described herein and are understood by a person having skill in theart to be different from other like-numbered components. Still further,to the extent that linear or circular dimensions are used in thedescription of the disclosed devices and methods, such dimensions arenot intended to limit the types of shapes that can be used inconjunction with such devices and methods. A person skilled in the artwill recognize that an equivalent to such linear and circular dimensionscan easily be determined for any geometric shape. Sizes and shapes ofthe impact indication devices, and components thereof, can depend atleast on the configuration, size, and shape of an object with which theyare used, e.g., a face on a head of a golf club.

The present disclosure generally relates to impact indication devices inthe form of a patch that can be removably and replaceably attached to aface of a golf club. The patch includes a ball-striking surface that canvisually display an impact or ball strike location where the patch, andthus the face of the golf club, most recently struck the ball. Inexemplary embodiments, the patch displays a most recent ball strikelocation without displaying locations of previous ball strikes. Thisallows a user to more easily determine where the most recent ball strikeoccurred without having the display obscured by the display of earlierball strikes. Further, the patch can be configured to “reset” itself tono longer display locations of a previous ball strike by the time orwhile the most recent ball strike occurs. As a result, no furtheractions beyond swinging the golf club again is required by the userbetween ball strikes.

A variety of different innovative features are described herein thatallow impact indication devices to achieve the aforementionedcapabilities of visually displaying only a most recent ball strike andclearing previous ball strikes with no more than a swing of a golf club.These features can operate in different manners, yet each can besuitable for achieving one or more of the intended purposes.

Impact Indication Device

One exemplary embodiment of an impact indication device configured toboth visually display only a most recent ball strike and be reset toclear previous ball strikes using no more than a swing of a golf club isillustrated in FIGS. 1A-1C. As shown, an impact indication device 20 canbe a patch having a plurality of layers 30, 40, 50 that work together toindicate the location of a ball strike. In the illustrated embodiment,the layers include a base layer 30 adhered to a face 12 of a golf club10, an exposure layer 40 disposed over at least a portion of the baselayer 30, and a cover layer 50 disposed over the exposure layer 40 anddisposed over at least a portion of the base layer 30.

While each layer is discussed with more particularity at least withrespect to FIGS. 2A-8C, generally the base layer 30 includes one or moreindicia 34 that provide information to the user related to a location ofa ball strike, and the exposure layer 40 includes a material 44 that canbe displaced in response to a ball strike to reveal the base layer 30,including, depending on the location of the ball strike, the indicia 34.In one exemplary embodiment the material 44 is a yield-stress materialor fluid disposed within a chamber 42 of the exposure layer 40.

The optional cover layer 50 can be adapted to have a variety of featuresand functions, but in the illustrated embodiment the cover layer 50includes a generally inelastic membrane 52 configured to provide arigidity that helps maintain a volume of the chamber 42 of the exposurelayer 40 so that the yield-stress material 44 is displaced to expose aportion of the base layer 30 in response to a ball strike. In otherembodiments, the exposure layer 40 can be configured to provide rigidityin lieu of a cover layer 50. The exposure layer 40 can have asufficiently rigid surface such that the surface can help maintain avolume of the chamber 42 to allow the yield-stress material 44 containedtherein to be displaced to expose a portion of the base layer 30 inresponse to a ball strike. As illustrated in FIG. 1C, after a club head14 of the golf club 10, and more particularly the device 20 disposed onthe face 12, strikes a ball, the yield-stress material 44 at thelocation of the ball strike is displaced, revealing indicia 34 formed onthe base layer 30.

FIGS. 1D-1F illustrate another exemplary embodiment of an impactindication device 20″. As shown, the device 20″ includes a base layer30″, an exposure layer 40″, and a cover layer 50″, and the features ofsuch layers can be consistent with the descriptions of similar layersprovided for herein. The base layer 30″ includes indicia 34″ formed on adisplay surface 32″ of the base layer”, as shown a single, circularsweet spot 35″ formed in an approximate center of the base layer 30″. Inone exemplary embodiment, the display surface can be a white color,while the sweet spot 35″ can be a yellow color and can have a diameterof about 1 centimeter. The exposure layer 40″ includes a chamber 42″having a yield-stress material 44″ contained therein, and can beconfigured to generally cover the indicia 34″ of the base layer 30″except at a location where a ball strike is made, as shown in FIGS. 1Dand 1F. In one exemplary embodiment, the yield-stress material 44″ canbe a blue color.

The cover layer 50″ can be disposed over the exposure layer 40″ and canbe sealed to the base layer 30″ to help contain the exposure layer 40″and the yield-stress material 44″ thereof. As shown, the cover layer 50″is welded to the base layer 30″ by a welded ring 53″ disposed proximateedges of the base and cover layers 30″, 50″. As shown in FIG. 1F, thedevice 20″ can be attached to a face 12 of a golf club 10 using anynumber of techniques, including by including an adhesive on a back sideof the base layer 30″. FIGS. 1A and 1F illustrate a configuration aftera ball strike occurs, in which a portion of the base layer 30″ isrevealed. As shown, the ball strike is proximate to the sweet spot 35″,and thus the yield-stress material 44″ flows away from the point ofimpact upon impact to reveal a portion of the sweet spot 35″. A morethorough description of how devices like the device 20″ respond toimpact is provided below.

Base Layer

The base layer 30, shown in FIG. 2A, can be generally elliptical inshape and can include indicia 34 formed on a display surface 32 thatassist a user in knowing where with respect to the face 12 of the club10 impact was made with a golf ball. While any number of indicia can beincorporated into the base layer 30 to provide information to a userabout the location of impact, the indicia 34 of the illustratedembodiment includes a bulls-eye pattern having an approximate center 35,middle ring 36, and outer ring 37 that are reflective of the location ofa club's sweet spot. The indicia 34 can be color-coded so that theycontrast with respect to each other. For example, the center 35 can be agreen color, the middle ring 36 a yellow color, and the outer ring 37 anorange color, with the rest of the base layer being a color as well,such as red. The colors of the base layer 30 and the indicia 34 can alsogenerally contrast with the color of the yield-stress material 44, e.g.,the yield-stress material can be a blue color. The various contrastingcolors can make it easy for a user to identify the exact location ofimpact after a ball strike. In one exemplary embodiment, a diameter ofthe center 35 can be about 0.75 centimeters, a diameter of the middlering 36 can be about 1.13 centimeters, and a diameter of the outer ringcan be about 1.50 centimeters. A person skilled in the art willrecognize a number of ways by which the indicia 34 can be formed on thebase layer 30, including by way of non-limiting example, printing orstamping the indicia 34 on the display surface 32.

A back, club head-facing side (not shown) of the base layer 30, which isopposed to the display surface 32, can include any adhesive or othersimilar material that is configured to allow the base layer 30 to attachto the face 12 of the club. In some exemplary embodiments, the adhesivecan be a reusable adhesive, allowing the device 20 to be easily attachedto and removed from the club face 12, and even reattached to the same ora different club face. The disclosures herein can be adapted for use onany type of club face, including irons, woods, fairway woods, wedges,and putters. A person skilled in the art will recognize a number ofdifferent adhesives that can be used for such a purpose, including, byway of non-limiting example, a polymer-based glue, as well as an amountof adhesive to apply to the back side of the base layer 30 to provide asecure attachment that has a negligible effect on the results of thegolf swing.

A shape of the base layer 30 generally can depend, at least in part, onthe size and shape of the club on which it is intended to be used andthe size and shape of the other components of the device 20, includingany other layers. Thus, although in the illustrated embodiment the baselayer is substantially elliptical in shape, in other embodiments it canbe circular, rectangular, triangular, pentagonal, or a variety of othershapes. A size of the base layer 30 can also depend on the size andshape of the club on which it is intended to be used and the size andshape of the other components of the device 20, including any otherlayers. In the illustrated embodiment, a length L extending from a firstvertex 30 a to a second vertex 30 b can be in the range of about 2.5centimeters (about 1 inch) to about 8.0 centimeters (about 3 inches),and in one exemplary embodiment the length L is about 6.4 centimeters(about 2.5 inches), and a height H extending from a first co-vertex 30 cto a second co-vertex 30 d can be in the range of about 1.5 centimeters(0.6 inches) to about 5.0 centimeters (about 2 inches), and in oneexemplary embodiment the height H is about 3.2 centimeters (about 1.25inches). A thickness of the base layer 30 can generally be as thin aspossible to minimize any effect the layer 30 has on the strike of thegolf ball. In some embodiments a thickness of the base layer 30 can beabout 0.8 millimeters or less, and in one exemplary embodiment athickness can be about 0.5 millimeters. The base layer 30 can be formedfrom any number of materials, but in some embodiments it can be madefrom a PET acrylic-backed film, while in other embodiments it can be aplasticized PVC sheet or various types of thermoplastics, such asurethanes, polyesters, polyethylene, polycarbonate, and santoprene.

FIG. 2B illustrates an alternative embodiment of a base layer 30′ inwhich the indicia 34′ is more elliptical in shape. Similar to the baselayer 30, the base layer 30′ is substantially elliptical in shape andcan be sized similarly, however, the indicia 34′ includes an ellipticalring 36′ defining a sweet-spot portion 35′ and a off-center portion 37′.While a size and shape of the elliptical ring 36′ can vary, in oneexemplary embodiment the elliptical ring has a length L′ extending froma first vertex 36 a′ to a second vertex 36 b′ of about 2.5 centimeters(about 1 inch), and a height H′ extending from a first co-vertex 36 c′to a second co-vertex 36 d′ of about 1.6 centimeters (about 0.625inches). The embodiments of FIGS. 1A-1C and 2A, 1D-1F, and 2B make itclear that indicia formed on a base layer of an impact indication devicecan have any number of configurations without departing from the spiritof the present disclosure.

Exposure Layer

One exemplary embodiment of an exposure layer 40 is illustrated in FIG.3. The exposure layer 40 is generally designed to allow displacement ofa portion thereof, e.g., the yield-stress material 44, to reveal aportion of the base layer 30, such as some aspect of the indicia 34. Theexposure layer 40 can include a chamber 42, which in the illustratedembodiment substantially defines the size and shape of the layer 40. Inother embodiments, such as the device 20″ illustrated in FIGS. 1D-1F, achamber (not shown, but outlined by the yield-stress material 44″) canbe smaller in size than the layer 40″ itself.

As shown in FIG. 3, the exposure layer 40 is generally elliptical inshape, although other shapes are possible depending at least on theshape and size of the other components of the device 20 and the face 12of the club 10 on which the device 20 is configured to be applied. Thesize of the exposure layer 40 can be generally similar but slightlysmaller in size in comparison to the base layer 30. By being slightlysmaller in size, the exposure layer 40 can be fit within the confines ofthe base layer 30 and an optional cover layer 50. In the illustratedembodiment, a length L″ extending from a first vertex 40 a to a secondvertex 40 b can be in the range of about 2.5 centimeters (about 1 inch)to about 8.0 centimeters (about 3 inches), and in one exemplaryembodiment the length L″ is about 5.8 centimeters (about 2.25 inches),and a height H″ extending from a first co-vertex 40 c to a secondco-vertex 40 d can be in the range of about 1.5 centimeters (about 0.6inches) to about 5.0 centimeters (about 2 inches), and in one exemplaryembodiment the height H″ is about 2.8 centimeters (about 1.1 inches).Similar to the base layer 30, a thickness of the exposure layer 40 cangenerally be as thin as possible to minimize any effect the layer 40 hason the strike of the golf ball. In some embodiments a thickness of theexposure layer 40 can be about 1 millimeters or less, and in oneexemplary embodiment a thickness can be about 0.7 millimeters. Theexposure layer 40, and more particularly the chamber 42, can be formedfrom any number of materials, but in some embodiments in which the layer40 is relatively flexible, it can be made from an elastomer. If thelayer 40 is designed to not be flexible, more rigid materials can beused. Likewise, if no cover layer 50 is included, the exposure layer 40can be similar in size to the base layer 30 so as to form asubstantially uniform patch for use as the device 20.

The exposure layer 40 can include a yield-stress material 44 disposed inthe chamber 42. The yield-stress material 44 can generally be configuredto be a semi-rigid solid when it is not under load, but readily flowunder stress. The amount of load or stress required to cause theyield-stress material 44 to readily flow, i.e., the threshold load, candepend on a variety of factors, including the size and shape of thechamber 42 in which the material 44 is disposed, the properties of anycomponents surrounding the chamber 42, the viscosity of the material 44,and the angle at which the load is applied to the material 44. In someembodiments, an approximately direct impact resulting from contact witha golf ball at approximately 48 kilometers per hour (about 30 miles perhour) or more can cause the yield-stress material 44 to flow away fromthe impact point. A person skilled in the art will understand how tomanipulate the variables such as the size and shape if the chamber 42and the viscosity of the material 44, among others, to achieve a desiredthreshold load. The desired threshold load is generally a load that willnot be achieved by incidental contact with the device 20, but which willbe achieved when a golf club is swung to make contact with a ball, evenby an amateur or weaker player.

In the illustrated embodiment, a volume of the material 44 is less thana volume of the chamber 42. For example, in some embodiments the volumeof the material 44 is in the range of about 80% to about 98% incomparison to the available volume of the chamber 42. In one exemplaryembodiment, about 95% of the chamber 42's volume is filled with theyield-stress material 44. The amount of material 44 can end up being inthe range of about 0.5 milliliters to about 4 milliliters, and in oneexemplary embodiment is about 0.8 milliliters. Generally there should beenough material 44 in the chamber 42 that the base layer 30 is notvisible when the material 44 in the exposure layer 40 has not beendisplaced. In some exemplary embodiments, air in the chamber 42 of theexposure layer 40 can be vacuumed out, thereby helping the device 20 tohave the capability of resetting itself, as described in further detailherein.

The yield-stress material 44 can be any number of materials that arecapable of being a semi-rigid solid under gentle or no load, but capableof readily flowing above a threshold load. Synthetic clays andhyrdrogels, which can both gel through a charge stabilization process,are two forms of materials that are useful in the device 20. In oneexemplary embodiment, the yield stress material 44 can include LaponiteXLG, which is a synthetic clay manufactured by Rockwood AdditivesLimited, Moorfield Road, Widnes, Cheshire WA8 OJU, United Kingdom.Various formulations of the yield-stress material can be used, but inone exemplary embodiment, 5% Laponite XLG synthetic clay is disposed intap water, while in another exemplary embodiment 10% Laponite XLGsynthetic clay is disposed in tap water. Such formulations can begenerally transparent, and thus can be colored using any number oftechniques known to those skilled in the art. In one exemplaryembodiment, the material 44 used in the device 20 is a blue colorcreated by mixing a 5% titanium dioxide with trace amounts of carbonblack and a few drops of blue food coloring.

In addition to being generally transparent, Laponite XLG synthetic claycan be an advantageous yield-stress material because it can generallyhave sharp yield-stress transitions and high-shear-rate viscosities,which allows the material 44 to readily flow in response to thethreshold load and stabilize shortly thereafter. When it stabilizes, itcan maintain the configuration that resulted from the threshold load,and thus the impact location causing the threshold load can bemaintained. Generally, the material 44 selected can be temperatureagnostic, although to the extent temperature does affect the thresholdload of the material 44, a person skilled in the art can adjustparameters such as those previously mentioned to achieve the desiredthreshold load.

Cover Layer

An optional cover layer 50 of the device 20 is shown in FIG. 4. In theillustrated embodiment, the cover layer 50 includes a generallyinelastic membrane 52 that is configured to provide rigidity to helpmaintain a volume of the chamber 42 of the exposure layer 40 so that thematerial 44 within the chamber 42 is displaced to expose a portion ofthe base layer 30 in response to a ball strike. As shown, the coverlayer 50 is generally elliptical in shape, although other shapes arepossible depending at least on the shape and size of the othercomponents of the device 20 and the face 12 of the club 10 on which thedevice 20 is configured to be applied. The size of the cover layer 50can generally be the same in size or slightly larger than the exposurelayer 40 so that the cover layer 50 can provide a rigid surface againstthe entirety of the exposure layer 40. In some exemplary embodiments,such as the devices 20 and 20″ illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1C and 1D-1F, thecover layer 50, 50″ has the same dimensions as the base layer 30, 30″ tocreate a seal around the exposure layer 40, 40″ and form a singularpatch for use as the device 20, 20″. Accordingly, in the illustratedembodiment, a length L″' extending from a first vertex 50 a to a secondvertex 50 b can be in the range of about 2.5 centimeters (about 1 inch)to about 8.0 centimeters (about 3 inches), and in one exemplaryembodiment the length L″' is about 6.4 centimeters (about 2.5 inches),and a height H″' extending from a first co-vertex 50 c to a secondco-vertex 50 d can be in the range of about 1.5 centimeters (about 0.6inches) to about 5.0 centimeters (about 2 inches), and in one exemplaryembodiment the height H″′ is about 3.2 centimeters (about 1.25 inches).Similar to each of the layers 30, 40, a thickness of the cover layer 50can generally be as thin as possible to minimize any effect the layer 50has on the strike of the golf ball. In some embodiments a thickness ofthe cover layer 50 can be about 0.8 millimeters or less, and in oneexemplary embodiment a thickness can be about 0.5 millimeters.

The cover layer 50 can be formed from any number of materials, but insome embodiments its generally inelastic membrane is made from polyvinylacetate. In other embodiments it can be made from the same material asthe base layer, such as a PET acrylic-backed film or a plasticized PVCsheet. In other embodiments it may be more desirable for the cover layer50 to more easily withstand high velocities without splitting. In suchembodiments, materials having more elasticity, and thus have bettertensile resistance, may be used, including but not limited tothermoplastic rubbers, urethanes, polyesters, polyethylene,polycarbonate, and santoprene. Generally, the cover layer 50 issubstantially transparent so that the base layer 30 and its indicia 34can be easily visible through the cover layer 50 and the displacedexposure layer 40.

In some embodiments, the cover layer 50 can include one or more indiciaformed thereon using techniques known to those skilled in the art, suchas printing or stamping. For example, the indicia can be tailored tomatch particular types of golf club heads (e.g., irons, woods, fairwaywoods, wedges, putters) and/or particular brands of golf club heads(e.g., Callaway, Ping, Taylor Made, Nike) to help a user know preciselywhere the device 20 should be placed on the face 12 of the club 10 sothat it properly aligns with the sweet spot of the club 10. In otherembodiments, indicia formed on the cover layer 50 may provide feedbackto a user regarding the location of a ball strike.

Impact Indication Device in Use

FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate one exemplary embodiment of two separateimpact locations formed on the device 20. As shown in FIG. 5A, a firstimpact location 80 is formed when load applied by the golf club head 12,and thus the device 20 disposed thereon, to a golf ball being struckexceeds the threshold load. The impact of the ball strike causes theyield-stress material 44 to shear and flow away from the impact location80, thereby exposing the middle ring 36 of the base layer 30. After thecontact is complete and the material 44 is displaced to its newlocation, the material 44 again settles into its semi-rigid solid state,with the impact location 80 still visible.

Following a second ball strike, a second impact location 82 is formed.As shown by comparing FIG. 5B to FIG. 5A, the second impact location 82is at a different location on the device 20 than the first location 80,with the second location 82 revealing a portion of the display surface32 of the base layer 30 that is outside of any of the indicia 34. By thetime the second ball strike is complete, the first impact location 80 isno longer visible. This is because the material 44 displaced at thesecond impact location 82 flows to the other portions of the exposurelayer 40, including the area previously exposed by the first strike. Aperson skilled in the art will recognize that had the second impactlocation intersected at all with the first impact location, then theportions that intersected would have remained exposed after the secondball strike as well. Thus, the yield-stress material 44 only flows backto portions of the first impact location 80 in the exposure layer 40that do not overlap with portions of the second impact location 82 inthe exposure layer 40.

FIGS. 6A-6D provide an alternative illustration of the device 20responding to two separate ball strikes, highlighting the displacementof the substantially inelastic cover layer 50 and the exposure layer 40in response to the ball strikes. As shown in FIG. 6A, the base layer 30is attached to the club head face 12, the exposure layer 40 is disposedover the base layer 30, and the cover layer 50 is disposed over theexposure layer 40. Prior the any impact, each layer 30, 40, and 50 has asubstantially uniform thickness. During a first ball strike, however,both the cover layer 50 and the exposure layer 40 can be displaced, asshown in FIG. 6B by a ball 16 first contacting the cover layer 50 whenthe golf club on which the face 12 is disposed is swung. The cover layer50, which can be substantially inelastic, can be displaced in adirection F, toward the club face, at the location of the first ballstrike. The yield-stress material 44 of the exposure layer 40, on theother hand, is configured to displace to the available volume in thelayer 40 due to the volume of the material 44 being less than theavailable volume of the chamber 42, along with the vacuum containedtherein. The displacement of the yield-stress material 44 is generallyillustrated by an arrow G, although a person skilled in the art willrecognize that the material 44 will generally flow to open volume of thechamber 42 as it flows away from a point of impact 84 where the ball 16struck. In the illustrated embodiment, as demonstrated by the fact thatthe arrow G does not extend outside of the exposure layer 40, a personskilled in the art will understand that the material 44 can be preventedfrom flowing out either of sides 40 p, 40 q of the exposure layer 40relying upon a number of different configurations. For example, thesides 40 p, 40 q can be sufficiently rigid and non-porous so as toprevent the material 44 from flowing therethrough. In other embodiments,the cover layer 50 and base layer 30 can be coupled together to securethe exposure layer 40 therebetween.

As shown in FIG. 6C, after the first strike is complete, the cover layer50 can remain displaced at the first point of impact 84 due, at least inpart, to its inelastic membrane 52, and the yield-stress material 44 canlikewise remain displaced because it is configured to return to asemi-rigid state after it shears in response to the threshold load. Asecond ball strike 86, shown in FIG. 6D, however, can displace both thecover layer 50 and the exposure layer 40. As shown, the ball 16 strikesthe cover layer 50 when the golf club on which the face 12 is disposedis swung. The cover layer 50 can be displaced again in the direction F,but at the location of the second ball strike. The yield-stress material44 of the exposure layer again displaces to the available volume in thelayer 40, which includes volume created as the portion of the coverlayer 50 at the first ball strike location returns to its originalstate. Again, although the displacement of the yield-stress material 44is generally illustrated by an arrow J, a person skilled in the art willrecognize that the material 44 will generally flow to open volume of thechamber 42 as it flows away from the point of impact where the ball 16struck during the second strike.

With each strike of a golf ball, the cover layer 50 and exposure layer40 can be displaced in a manner as described and illustrated herein.Although a ball strike impact is left formed in the device 20 leadinginto the next ball strike, the displacement of the cover layer 50 andthe exposure layer 40 can have a negligible effect on the subsequentball strike, particularly in view of the very thin nature of the device20. Each time a ball strike occurs, that action alone can be enough toreset or essentially eliminate the mark left by the previous ballstrike, except to the extent one ball strike overlaps with the other. Asa result of these capabilities, a user can continue to swing the golfclub, notice the impact location after each swing, make any desiredadjustments to his or her swing, and then swing again without taking thetime to manually remove the impact location mark from the device 20 orstrain to determine which impact location mark was the most recent markbecause the device 20 only displays the most recent impact location. Insome embodiments, a device can be used for at least 20 swings, at least80 swings, and possibly up to approximately 100 swings.

It may be desirable to build-in safety measures to the device 20 thatcause some sort of failure in the device before wear-and-tear from usingthe device breaks the exposure layer 40 and causes the yield-stressmaterial 44 to eject from the device 20. For example, the device 20 canbe configured to gradually fail such that once the exposure layer 40 hassufficiently worn, any failure will be small and not lead to anundesirable explosion of fluid out of the device 20. Alternatively, thecover layer 50, or top, visible surface of the exposure layer 40 when nocover layer is included, can be configured to wear, e.g., scuff, aftereach use such that after a certain number of uses, it becomes difficultto see the exposed base layer 30 and indicia 34 through the cover layer50. In still other embodiments, an inner membrane having a fluid formedtherein can be disposed within the device, 20, for example within thechamber 42 of the exposure layer, and can be configured to fail prior tofailure by the exposure layer 40. When the inner membrane fails, thefluid contained therein can seep into the exposure layer, or elsewherein the patch, thereby notifying the user that the device 20 should bereplaced. The inner membrane and fluid disposed therein can beconfigured such that they do not interfere with viewing until the innermembrane fails. In still further embodiments, a use tracking mechanismthat begins one color and fades away as the device 20 is used can beincluded to help the user keep track of when it is time to replace thedevice 20. In still other embodiments, the device 20 can be configuredto include a reservoir that is connected to the exposure layer 40, witha path therebetween configured to open only after the exposure layer 40fails. Thus, if the exposure layer 40 fails, the material 44 can flowinto the reservoir.

Sensors

In some embodiments, one or more sensors can be associated with animpact indication device. The sensor(s) can have a variety ofconfigurations and generally be adapted to measure any number ofparameters, including but not limited to a contact pressure and alocation of a ball strike. In one exemplary embodiment, illustrated inFIGS. 9A and 9B, a sensor 90 can be a simple flexible circuit. As shown,a network of crossing wires 92 formed on two opposed flexible sheets 94,96 can be used to help determine at least a location of a ball strike. Aperson skilled in the art will recognize that such a determination canbe made, for instance, through isolation of short-circuits between thesheets 94, 96 due in part to the flow of yield-stress material.

The sensor 90 can also be configured to make other determinations, suchas a force of impact, for instance by using an elastomeric support. Asillustrated, a contact zone 17 that results from the impact of a golfball 16 is where the isolated short circuits can make the desireddeterminations. The sensor 90 can be disposed on any layer of an impactdetermination device, and can even be disposed separately on a face orhead of a golf club. In one exemplary embodiment, such as the device 20,the sensor can be disposed on a back side of the cover layer 50. Aperson skilled in the art will understand various other types andconfigurations of sensor(s) that can be adapted for use with the impactindication devices disclosed herein.

Methods of Manufacture

Any number of methods of manufacturing known to those skilled in the artcan be adapted to manufacture impact indication devices disclosedherein. In one exemplary embodiment, which begins at FIG. 10A, atemplate 60 for determining a size of an impact indication device can bedisposed between two silicone spacers 61, such as 0.79 millimeter mediumsoft elastomers. As shown, two needles, such as 25G needles 62, can alsobe disposed between the spacers 61. The needles 62 can be used to fill acavity 63 formed by the spacers 61, and also to allow air to escape, asdescribed below. The size of the template 60 with respect to thesilicone spacers 61 can be noted, and, as illustrated in FIG. 10B, thetemplate 60 can be subsequently removed.

As shown in FIG. 10C, a thin PET film 64 can be disposed adjacent to thespacers 61 and cut to a size similar to that of the previously providedtemplate 60. The thin PET film will eventually be configured to form abase layer of the impact indication device. The spacers 61 can be sealedso as to seal the cavity 63 formed therebetween, although the seal iskept clear of the needles so the needles 62 can still be configured tocommunicate with the cavity 63. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG.10D, a bead of heat-sealing adhesive 65 can be used to form the seal ofthe cavity 63. A weight 66 can then be applied to the construct, therebysealing the PET film 64 onto an adhesive backing 67. As discussedherein, the adhesive backing 67 can be configured to allow the resultingdevice to be removably and replaceably attached to a face of a golfclub. The weight 66 illustrated in FIG. 10E is in no way limiting as tohow weight can be applied to the construct. Any number of weights ormechanisms to apply weight to a construct can be used for this step.

As shown in FIG. 10F, the weight 66 can be removed, and the result is aconstruct in which the cavity 63 is sealed and just the needles 62 areclear of the hot-glue adhesive bead 65. A vent hole 68 for the cavity 63can be provided, for instance by removing one of the needles 62, asillustrated in FIG. 10G. The remaining needle 62 can then be used todispose a yield-stress material 69 such as the materials describedherein in the cavity 63. As discussed herein, in some embodiments it canbe desirable for the volume of the cavity 63 to exceed the volume ofmaterial 69 disposed therein, and thus the material 69 may notnecessarily fully fill the cavity 63. Subsequently, the remaining needle62 can be removed to expose a fill hole 70, and as shown in FIG. 10H,the vent and fill holes 68, 70 can be sealed to create a sealedconstruction. The seal can be performed using any number of adhesivesknown to those skilled in the art, for example a glue gun or welding. Inembodiments where it is desired, a vacuum (not shown) can be applied tothe cavity 63 so that the extra volume in the cavity 63 is not filledwith air. More particularly, the silicon spacers 61 can be collapsed onthe material 69 so that its natural resting condition is contacting theunderlying substrate.

As shown in FIG. 10I, the adhesive backed PET film 64, can be stuck toanother adhesive, as shown tape 71, which in turn can be stuck to anadhesive backed silicone elastomer 72 with release liner. Excessmaterials can be cut-off, resulting in an impact indication device 120.Referring to terms used herein, in the resulting construct, the PET film64 with adhesive backing can be similar to the base layer 30, thesilicon spacers 61 having the yield-stress material 69 disposed thereincan be similar to the exposure layer 40, and the adhesive backedsilicone elastomer 72 with release liner can be the cover layer 50. Aperson skilled in the art will recognize that the steps provided forherein are just examples, and many other steps can be adapted for use informing the impact indication device 120 and other impact indicationdevices provided for herein. Furthermore, although in this embodimentthe resulting exposure layer is formed by way of a heat seal, othersealing strategies can also be used, including those used in themedical, industrial, and food industries.

In still other embodiments the exposure layer can be formed usingvarious thermoform methods known to those skilled in the art. In stillother embodiments, the entire device can be manufactured using aconveyor system. For example, a welder can be used to create seals asdescribed, with needles for accessing the cavity already disposedtherein. The part can then move on the belt to a fill station, where theyield-stress material can be added into the cavity through the needles.The part can subsequently move to a location where the adhesive backingcan be attached and a location where the needles can be removed andopenings in which they were disposed sealed, and finally the part can bemoved to a die cutter for final formation of the product. A personhaving skill in the art would understand how other steps, includingthose known to those skilled in the art and those disclosed herein, canbe included in such a system without departing from the spirit of thepresent disclosure.

Another exemplary method for forming an impact indication device isillustrated in FIG. 11. As shown, a flexible transparent film ormembrane 161 can be heat sealed or ultrasonically welded to asupporting, semi-rigid layer 164. At this point the unit can be emptybut hermetically sealed, for instance by using an ultrasonic welder 173.The unit can then be pumped down and back-filled with a yield-stressmaterial 169 (not shown) through the semi-rigid layer 164 such that noair remains, and then the pump-hole closed and sealed. Again referringto terms used herein, in the resulting construct, and the semi-rigidlayer 164 can be similar to the base lawyer 30, the flexible transparentfilm or membrane 161 can be similar to exposure layer 40. A personskilled in the art will again recognize other variations with respect tothis method for forming impact indication devices provided for hereinwithout departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. Further, tothe extent this method is illustrated and not described, a personskilled in the art will understand how heat sealing or ultrasonicwelding can be used to manufacture impact indication devices inaccordance with the present disclosure.

Other Impact Indication Device Embodiments

Another way in which impact indication devices can visually display onlya most recent ball strike and clear previous ball strikes with no morethan a swing of a golf club can be by using a porous or deformablesubstrate. As shown in FIG. 12A, in one exemplary embodiment of animpact indication device 220, an exposure layer 240 that includes aporous or deformable substrate 244 can be attached to a golf club face12 and a cover layer 250 can be disposed over the substrate 244. Thesubstrate 244 can be made of a variety of materials, but in someexemplary embodiments it can be a simple sponge, a hydrogel, such as ahighly porous hydrogel, an elastomer, or foam, such as a low durometerfoam, and each can be fully impregnated with a colored fluid configuredto generally appear colored until compressed.

When the substrate 244 is fully compressed, for instance when a ball 16impacts the face 10 via the cover 250 and drives the cover 250 andsubstrate 244 approximately in a direction T as shown in FIG. 12B, thefluid in the substrate 244 at the location of impact can be driven outof the substrate 244 in the directions V and W, towards ends 240 p, 240q of the exposure layer 240 and the original color of the substrate 244can dominate the appearance at the location of impact. After the strikeis complete, the colored fluid driven out of the substrate can seep backinto the substrate 244. The rate of recovery can be controlled by anumber of parameters, including but not limited to a permeability anduptake of the substrate 244. Once recovery is complete, the location ofimpact is no longer visible, and a subsequent strike will reveal a newlocation of impact specific to the most recent strike.

In an alternative embodiment, the impact of a ball can actually drivefluid into a porous substrate, thereby identifying the location ofimpact by the addition of color to that location. After the ball strikeis complete, the fluid can dissipate from the location and spread moreevenly through the exposure layer. In this embodiment, the resultingindication of a ball strike can be a fuller, more robust color due acolor fluid being driven in to the impact location.

FIGS. 13A and 13B provide yet another embodiment of an impact indicationdevice 320. The device 320 can visually display only a most recent ballstrike and clear previous ball strikes with no more than a swing of agolf club by using a gap mediated configuration in cooperation with aviscoelastic fluid. In the illustrated embodiment, a base layer 330 canbe attached to a golf club face 12, an exposure layer 340 having aviscoelastic fluid 344 disposed therein can be disposed over at least aportion of the base layer 330, and a cover layer 350 can be disposedover the exposure layer 340, the exposure layer 340 creating a gapbetween the base layer 330 and the cover layer 350. In some embodimentsthe base layer 330 can include a substrate and the cover layer 350 amembrane. When a club is swung and the club face 12 makes contact with aball 16, via the device 320, the impact can drive the cover layer 350toward the face 12 in an approximate direction U. In the illustratedembodiment, the cover layer 350 is driven through the exposure layer 340and into the base layer 330.

After the strike is complete, as shown in FIG. 13B, the cover layer 350can be substantially elastic, and thus can recover rather quickly.However, the properties of the viscoelastic fluid 344 are such thatrecovery to return to its initial state takes a little time. As shown,during that time, an excess bulge 344 b of the fluid 344 exists wherethe ball strike was located, and thus until the fluid 344 recovers, theincreased gap between the cover layer 350 and base layer 330 can lookdarker to identify the impact location. While or after the viscoelasticfluid 344 recovers, a subsequent ball strike will again cause same chainof events, but the previous ball strike will not longer be visible asthe viscoelastic fluid 344 now moves and recovers in response to thelatest ball strike. In other embodiments involving a viscoelastic fluid,it may be possible to drive such the fluid disposed in an exposure layeraway from an impact zone, toward the edges of the exposure layer, forsubsequent recovery. After the strike and during the recovery, theportion exposed by the driven away viscoelastic fluid can be visible tothe user as the most recent ball strike location until the viscoelasticfluid completes its recovery.

In still another embodiment in which an impact indication device isadapted to both visually display only a most recent ball strike andclear previous ball strikes with no more than a swing of a golf club,the device can include liquid crystal films. More particularly, as shownin FIG. 14, the device 420 can include a base layer 430 attached to agolf club face 12, an exposure layer 440 disposed over the base layer430 and having a plurality of liquid crystal films 444 disposed therein,and a cover layer 450 disposed over the exposure layer 440. The films444 can be configured to change color to reflect a location of a ballstrike, thereby contrasting against those other films that did notchange color because they were no impacted by a ball strike.

More particularly, the liquid crystal films 444 work by inducedorientation in semi-rigid molecules. This orientation imposes acharacteristics length on the self-organized structure contained in theexposure layer 440 that selectively passes specific wavelengths oflight. The microstructure of the liquid crystal films can help providethe desired contrast. In one exemplary embodiment, the liquid crystalfilms are thermochromic liquid crystals, which can use the chiralnematic, sometimes referred to as cholesteric, nature of theself-assembled structures to create an optically active material that issensitive to temperature. Thermochromic liquid crystals can be made thatare either temperature sensitive, i.e., color varies with temperature,or temperature insensitive, i.e., shear-sensitive, which can have asharp, single color transition. The color changes can be thin-filmeffects and in bulk the materials can tend to appear iridescent, ratherthan nomochromatic. In temperature insensitive materials, the transitioncan be more marked as a “clearing point” where the liquid crystaltransitions from a strong reflecting cholesteric phase to a transparent,isotopic phase.

Mobile Impact Recorder

In some instances, an affordable, convenient, and user-friendly mobiletechnology can be used in conjunction with the impact indication devicesprovided for herein, or with other impact indication devices known tothose skilled in the art, to capture and record where the club faceimpacts the ball. More broadly, a mobile impact recorder can be providedfor recording any number of parameters of a golf swing, and can be usedindependent of or in conjunction with an impact indication device.

In some exemplary embodiments of a mobile impact recorder, it can beused to capture specific information about the swing and impact of theclub face on a struck golf ball. The information can be captured by anaccelerometer designed for that purpose, or a number of other componentsconfigured to capture such information. A sensor can be designed torecord a variety of data parameters, including but not limited to aswing plane, location of impact, angle of impact, and club head speedthrough. Such parameters can be recorded using a variety of techniques,but in one instance they are detected through vibrations caused by theimpact using an accelerometer combined with a sensor and Wi-Fitechnology. The parameters can then be used to project a distance anddirection of the ball flight, among other results. Alternatively, oradditionally, the sensor can be configured to transmit data to a customreceiver, for example, via Bluetooth, conveniently placed on the golfclub, golf bag, or other nearby location. The custom receiver cantransmit data onto the user's respective smartphone and/or tablet appsin real time. Data can be stored in the cloud for further analysis bythe individual golfer or can be shared with a golf instructor. Data canbe saved, shared or deleted by each individual user at anytime. A personskilled in the art will recognize a variety of other embodiments thatcan achieve these same functions related to recording, transmitting,sharing, processing, and using data, including but not limited allowingthe smartphone, tablet, computer, or other device capable of receivingand transmitting information to communicate with the sensor to receivedata directly from the sensor and/or transmit data to a remote storagelocation, such a cloud-based storage system.

Both the accelerometer and the sensor can be placed in a variety oflocations on the club, including but not limited to the locationsprovided for above for the sensor 90, or even on a glove worn by aplayer. Other data gathering components can also be used to gatheradditional data parameters to be recorded, transmitted, shared,processed, and/or used for data analysis, evaluation, the simulation ofa golf game, etc. In some instances, the components can beelectronically based, like the sensor. In one exemplary embodiment,illustrated in FIG. 15, an accelerometer 1020 is used to gatheradditional data parameters. As shown, the accelerometer 1020 can be inthe form of a strip capable of being attached to a golf glove 1010 ofthe user swinging the golf club. Although the accelerometer 1020 islocated near a tab 1014 used to help hold the glove 1010 with respect tothe hand on which it is placed, a person skilled in the art willrecognize that the strip 1020 can be attached to many differentlocations on the glove 1010 without departing from the spirit of thepresent disclosure.

The accelerometer may also be attached to the shaft of the club invarious locations, behind the club head, and on the butt-end of theshaft. The accelerometer can be configured to absorb and recordvibrations that result from a ball strike. The impact of the golf clubcontacting the ball can send vibrations through the golf club and tothese various locations, including the gloved hand. The vibrationinformation can then be analyzed using algorithms to project the resultsdiscussed herein. As shown, the accelerometer 1020 is substantiallyrectangular in shape, although any number of other shapes can be used,including but not limited to a round accelerometer. In exemplaryembodiments, the accelerometer 1020 is substantially unobtrusive so asnot to negatively impact a user's golf swing. In some embodiments theaccelerometer 1020 can have an adhesive formed on a back-side thereof toallow the accelerometer 1020 to be attached to the glove 1010. Theadhesive can have properties allowing it to be removable and replaceablesuch that the accelerometer 1020 can be selectively attached and removedfrom the glove 1010 and selectively attached and removed from othergloves. In other embodiments the accelerometer can be attached tovarious locations on the club as described herein and known to thoseskilled in the art. A person skilled in the art would recognizeexemplary adhesives that can be used in this manner. In some otherembodiments the accelerometer 1020 can be pre-coupled to the glove 1010such that a user receives the glove 1010 with the accelerometer 1020already attached to or even embedded in it. In still other embodiments,the accelerometer 1020 can be attached to other structures, includingbut not limited to impact indicators provided for herein or otherwiseknown to those skilled in the art and the golf club, for instance on theface, head, shaft, or handle of the club, in either aremovable/replaceable manner or in a more permanent manner.

The introductory data recording and transmitting product can bespecifically designed to capture and record a variety of dataparameters, including but not limited to swing plane, location ofimpact, club head speed and estimate the distance a ball travels aftereach swing. A person skilled in the art will recognize a number ofdifferent ways these data parameters can be used, and a number of otherways in which other data parameters related to the impact location andswing can be recorded and used by a computer program or mobileapplication. By way of non-limiting examples, information can be sharedwith a golf instructor to better an individual's game, as competitionbetween two individuals, record a great swing or round, referenceprevious sessions, convert information into a virtual game etc.

Use and data gathered from this introductory product can establish thefoundation upon which to enhance future hardware and software updates.

A person skilled in the art will recognize a variety of differentcomputer-based technologies that can be used to carry out disclosurescontained herein. For example, the devices, systems and methodsdisclosed herein can be implemented using one or more computer systems,such as the exemplary embodiment of a computer system 1100 shown in FIG.16.

As shown, the computer system 1100 can include one or more processors1102 which can control the operation of the computer system 1100. Theprocessor(s) 1102 can include any type of microprocessor or centralprocessing unit (CPU), including programmable general-purpose orspecial-purpose microprocessors and/or any one of a variety ofproprietary or commercially available single or multi-processor systems.The computer system 1100 can also include one or more memories 1104,which can provide temporary storage for code to be executed by theprocessor(s) 1102 or for data acquired from one or more users, storagedevices, and/or databases. The memory 1104 can include read-only memory(ROM), flash memory, one or more varieties of random access memory (RAM)(e.g., static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), or synchronous DRAM(SDRAM)), and/or a combination of memory technologies.

The various elements of the computer system 1100 can be coupled to a bussystem 1112. The illustrated bus system 1112 is an abstraction thatrepresents any one or more separate physical busses, communicationlines/interfaces, and/or multi-drop or point-to-point connections,connected by appropriate bridges, adapters, and/or controllers. Thecomputer system 1100 can also include one or more network interface(s)1106, one or more input/output (IO) interface(s) 108, and one or morestorage device(s) 1110.

The network interface(s) 1106 can enable the computer system 1100 tocommunicate with remote devices (e.g., other computer systems) over anetwork, and can be, for example, remote desktop connection interfaces,Ethernet adapters, and/or other local area network (LAN) adapters. TheIO interface(s) 1108 can include one or more interface components toconnect the computer system 1100 with other electronic equipment. Forexample, the IO interface(s) 1108 can include high speed data ports,such as USB ports, 1394 ports, etc. Additionally, the computer system1100 can be accessible to a human user, and thus the IO interface(s)1108 can include displays, speakers, keyboards, pointing devices, and/orvarious other video, audio, or alphanumeric interfaces. The storagedevice(s) 1110 can include any conventional medium for storing data in anon-volatile and/or non-transient manner. The storage device(s) 1110 canthus hold data and/or instructions in a persistent state (i.e., thevalue is retained despite interruption of power to the computer system1100). The storage device(s) 1110 can include one or more hard diskdrives, flash drives, USB drives, optical drives, various media cards,and/or any combination thereof and can be directly connected to thecomputer system 1100 or remotely connected thereto, such as over anetwork. The elements illustrated in FIG. 16 can be some or all of theelements of a single physical machine. In addition, not all of theillustrated elements need to be located on or in the same physical orlogical machine. Rather, the illustrated elements can be distributed innature, e.g., using a server farm or cloud-based technology. Exemplarycomputer systems include conventional desktop computers, workstations,minicomputers, laptop computers, tablet computers, PDAs, mobile phones,smartphones, and the like.

Although an exemplary computer system is depicted and described herein,it will be appreciated that this is for sake of generality andconvenience. In other embodiments, the computer system may differ inarchitecture and operation from that shown and described here.

FIG. 17 provides one, non-limiting example of an embodiment thatincorporates both an impact indication device and a mobile impactrecorder in accordance with the disclosures provided for herein. Asshown, an impact indication device 2020 is provided for on a face of agolf club, and can include a sensor (not shown) for collecting datarelated to a golf swing. The sensor can be disposed on any part of thedevice 2020, and can have a surface area that is equal to or smallerthan a surface area of the device 2020. Data collected by the sensor canbe transmitted to a gateway or transmitter 2200, for instance by way ofwireless or Bluetooth communication. The gateway or transmitter 2200 canhave a variety of configurations, but in some embodiments it can be aseparate component disposed at location proximate to the golf club, suchas on a golf bag, and can be configured to receive data and informationfrom the sensor. The transmitter 2200 can also be configured to senddata and information, including but not limited to the data andinformation received from the sensor, to a receiver 2300. Somenon-limiting, illustrated examples of receivers include a computer 2302,a tablet 2304, and a smartphone 2306. Other receivers known to thoseskilled in the art can also be used to communicate with the transmitter2200. In some embodiments, the transmitter 2200 can be incorporated withthe receiver 2300 into a single device. As shown, the receiver 2300 cancommunicate data and information to a remote storage location 2400, suchas a cloud-based storage location 2402. In other embodiments, thetransmitter 2200 can transmit data and information directly to theremote storage location 2400. Information stored in the remote storagelocation 2400 can be accessed in any number of ways, including by any ofthe receivers 2300, the transmitter 2200, or by any other means known tothose skilled in the art for accessing remotely stored data.

The disclosures provided for herein related to an impact indicationdevice and a mobile impact recorder are practice tools designed to helpgolfers from beginners to the professionals track and better theirswings. The various embodiments of and disclosures pertaining to animpact indication device provided for herein or otherwise derivabletherefrom can be used on their own, without a mobile impact recorder.Likewise, the various embodiments of and disclosures pertaining to amobile impact recorder provided for herein or otherwise derivabletherefrom can be used on their own, without an impact indication device.Nevertheless, in some embodiments, the unique integration of a visualand mobile component can work together to provide golfers with apersonalized simulator experience, regardless of their ability.

One skilled in the art will appreciate further features and advantagesof the invention based on the above-described embodiments. Accordingly,the invention is not to be limited by what has been particularly shownand described, except as indicated by the appended claims. Additionally,although the present disclosure primarily discusses the impactindication device with respect to being used in conjunction with a golfclub, the device and related disclosures can be easily adapted for usein a variety of other fields in which the indication of a location ofimpact, and the ability for the indication device to reset itself, maybe desirable. Examples of such fields include but are not limited toother sports (e.g., baseball, hockey, lacrosse, tennis), aerospace,military, law enforcement, children's toys, games, hobbies, and strengthtesting. All publications and references cited herein are expresslyincorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

What is claimed is:
 1. An impact indication device, comprising: a baselayer having one or more information-providing indicia on a displaysurface thereof; an exposure layer disposed over the display surface ofthe base layer, the exposure layer having a sealed chamber with ayield-stress material disposed therein, and the exposure layer beingconfigured such that impact from an outside force at an impact locationdisplaces the yield-stress material at the impact location to reveal thebase layer.
 2. The device of claim 1, wherein a second impact from anoutside force at a second impact location displaces the yield-stressmaterial at the second impact location to reveal the base layer, and tothe extent the second impact location does not overlap with the firstimpact location, the yield-stress material flows back to non-overlappingportions of the first impact location in the exposure layer.
 3. Thedevice of claim 1, further comprising a cover layer disposed over theexposure layer, the cover layer being substantially inelastic.
 4. Thedevice of claim 1, wherein the yield-stress material comprises ahydrogel.
 5. The device of claim 1, wherein a back surface of the baselayer comprises an adhesive.
 6. The device of claim 4, wherein theadhesive is reusable such that the base layer can be adhered to andremoved from a first surface and subsequently adhered to a secondsurface.
 7. The device of claim 1, further comprising a sensor attachedto one of the base layer and the exposure layer and configured tomeasure and transmit data related to impacts received by the device. 8.The device of claim 1, wherein a volume of the yield-stress materialdisposed in the chamber is less than an approximate volume of thechamber, and the chamber is vacuum-sealed.
 9. The device of claim 1,further comprising an inner membrane disposed in either the base layeror the exposure layer, the inner membrane having a fluid disposedtherein and being configured to fail to release the fluid disposedtherein into the respective base layer or exposure layer in which theinner member is disposed before the chamber of the exposure layer failsand releases the yield-stress material disposed therein.
 10. The deviceof claim 1, wherein the base layer is sized to be attached to a face ofa golf club.
 11. An impact indication device, comprising: a patch havinga back surface that is removably and replaceably attachable to a face ofa golf club and a ball-striking surface configured to visually displayan impact location where the patch most recently struck a golf ball;wherein the patch displays the impact location of a most recent strikewithout displaying impact locations of previous strikes, and wherein thepatch is configured to reset itself to no longer display the impactlocations of previous strikes after the most recent strike occurs suchthat no action beyond swinging the golf club again is required by a userbetween strikes.
 12. The device of claim 11, wherein the patch furthercomprises a yield-stress material disposed therein between theball-striking and back surfaces, the yield-stress material beingconfigured to be displaced in response to the most recent strike todisplay the impact location of the most recent strike and to no longerdisplay the impact locations of the previous strikes.
 13. The device ofclaim 12, wherein displacement of the yield-stress material following astrike displays one or more indicia located on a top face of the backsurface to provide feedback regarding the impact location from the mostrecent strike.
 14. The device of claim 12, wherein the patch resetsitself by striking a golf ball.
 15. The device of claim 11, wherein thepatch further comprises a plurality of liquid crystal films disposedtherein between the ball-striking and back surfaces, the liquid crystalfilms being configured to change colors in response to the most recentstrike to display the impact location of the most recent strike and tono longer display the impact locations of the previous strikes.
 16. Thedevice of claim 11, wherein the patch further comprises a sensordisposed therein and configured to measure data related to golf ballstrikes made by the patch.
 17. A method of tracking a location of impacton a golf club, comprising: swinging a golf club having a club head tohit a golf ball with the club head, the head having an indicationtracking device adhered thereto, and the indication tracking devicevisually identifying a location at which the club head strikes the golfball; and swinging the golf club to hit a golf ball with the club head,the indication tracking device visually identifying a location at whichthe club head strikes the golf ball while no longer visually identifyingthe location of the previous strike, wherein a user touches neither theclub head nor the indication tracking device to reset the indicationtracking device so that it visually identifies the location of a mostrecent strike while no longer visually identifying the location of theprevious strike.
 18. The method of claim 17, wherein after theindication tracking device visually identifies a location at which theclub head strikes the golf ball, the step of swinging the golf club tohit a golf ball with the club head resets the indication tracking deviceso that it visually identifies the location of the most recent strikewhile no longer visually identifying the location of the previousstrike.